SUITABILITY OF BURNT AND CRUSHED COW BONES AS PARTIAL  REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE

NM Ogarekpe; JC Agunwamba; FO Idagu; ES Bejor; OE Eteng; HO Ndem; EO Oloko

doi:10.4314/njt.363.1377

SUITABILITY OF BURNT AND CRUSHED COW BONES AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE

Authors

NM Ogarekpe DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA
JC Agunwamba DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
FO Idagu DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA
ES Bejor DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA
OE Eteng DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA
HO Ndem DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA
EO Oloko DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE NIGERIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.363.1377

Keywords:

Compressive strength, concrete, cow bone, fine aggregate, partial replacement

Abstract

The suitability of burnt and crushed cow bones (BCCB) as partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete was studied. The percentages of replacements of fine aggregates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%, respectively of BCCB were tested considering 1: 2: 4 and 1: 1¹/₂:3 concrete mix ratios. The cow bones were burnt for 50 minutes up to 92^oC before being crushed. Ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1: 2: 4 mix ratio and ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1 : : 3 mix ratio measuring 150x150x150mm were tested for the compressive strength at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The research revealed that the BCCB acted as a retarder in the concrete. Water-cement ratio increased with the increase in the percentage of the BCCB. The mixes of 1:2:4 and 1::3 at 28 days curing yielded average compressive strengths in N/mm²ranging from 16.49 - 24.29 and 18.71 - 29.73, respectively. For the mix ratios of 1:2:4 and 1:: 3 at 28 days curing age, it was observed that increase in the BCCB content beyond 40 and 50%, respectively resulted to the reduction of the average compressive strength below recommended minimum strength for use of concrete in structural works.

http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.4

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Published

2017-06-30

Issue

Vol. 36 No. 3 (2017)

Section

Building, Civil & Geotechnical Engineering

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How to Cite

SUITABILITY OF BURNT AND CRUSHED COW BONES AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE. (2017). Nigerian Journal of Technology, 36(3), 686-690. https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.363.1377